WISKUNDE
GRAAD 10
NOG OEFENINGE
  
Vermenigvuldiging en deling van algebraïese breuke : antwoorde.
  
MATHEMATICS
GRADE 10
MORE EXERCISES
  
Multiplication and division of algebraic fractions : answers.
  
  
  
                 a                y               a X b
        1.   ────  X  ────    =  ─────
                 2                5               2 X 3
  
                                                     ab
                                             =  ────
                                                     6
  
                                                                     Vr. / Qu. 1.
  
  
  
  
                 3                b               3 X b
        3.   ────  X  ────    =  ─────
                 a                2               a X 2
  
                                                     3b
                                             =  ────
                                                     2a
  
                                                                     Vr. / Qu. 3.
  
  
  
  
                 a           4b             a X 4b
        5.   ───  X  ───    =  ──────
                2             7               2 X 7
  
                                              4ab
                                        =  ────
                                               14
  
  
                                               4ab ÷ 2          vereenvoudig
                                        =  ───────
                                                14 ÷ 2          simplify
  
                                               2ab
                                         =  ────
                                                7
  
                                                                     Vr. / Qu. 5.
  
  
OF / OR

     Vereenvoudig voor vermenigvuldiging  /
  
     Simplify before multiplication.
  
  
               a              4b                  a                4b ÷ 2
           ────  X  ────    =  ──────  X  ──────
               2             7                  2 ÷ 2                 7
  
                                                 a            2b
                                          =  ───  X  ───
                                                 1             7
  
  
                                                 2ab
                                          =  ────
                                                   7
  
                                                                     Vr. / Qu. 5.
  
  
  
  
                 3a2b         15x2y            3a2b X 15x2y
        7.   ─────  X  ─────    =  ──────────
                10xy2           ab                 10xy2 X ab
  
                                                         45a2bx2y
                                                  =  ────────
                                                         10abxy2
  
  
                                                          45a2bx2y ÷ 5abxy
                                                  =  ──────────────
                                                           10abxy2 ÷ 5abxy
  
                                                        9ax
                                                  =  ────
                                                         2y
  
                                                                       Vr. / Qu. 7.
  
  
  
                 x                y               x X y
        2.   ────  X  ────    =  ─────
                 3                5               3 X 5
  
                                                     xy
                                             =  ────
                                                     15
  
                                                                       Vr. / Qu. 2.
  
  
  
  
                 5               3c               5 X 3c
        4.   ────  X  ────    =  ──────
                ab              4d             ab X 4d
  
                                                   15c
                                             =  ────
                                                  4abd
  
                                                                       Vr. / Qu. 4.
  
  
  
  
                 2a             9b             2a X 9b
        6.   ────  X  ────    =  ──────
                  3             8ac            3 X 8ac
  
                                                   18ab
                                             =  ────
                                                   24ac
  
  
                                                 18ab ÷ 6a     vereenvoudig
                                             =  ────────
                                                   24ac ÷ 6a     simplify
  
                                                   3b
                                             =  ───
                                                   4c
  
                                                                       Vr. / Qu. 6.
  
  
OF / OR

     Vereenvoudig voor vermenigvuldiging  /
  
     Simplify before multiplication.
  
  
               2a            9b             2a ÷ 2a           9b ÷ 3
           ────  X  ────    =  ──────  X  ──────
               3             8ac             3 ÷ 3              8ac ÷ 2a
  
                                                 1           3b
                                          =  ───  X  ───
                                                 1           4c
  
  
                                                 3b
                                           =  ───
                                                 4c
  
                                                                       Vr. / Qu. 6.
  
  
  
  
                14pq2r       30x2y2z           14pq2r X 30x2y2z
        8.   ─────  X  ─────    =  ─────────────
               25x2y2z2     21p2q2          25x2y2z2 X 21p2q2
  
                                 420pq2rx3y2z ÷ 105pq2rx2y2z
                           =  ────────────────────
                                 525p2q2x2y2z2 ÷ 105pq2rx2y2z
  
  
                                   4rx
                           =  ─────
                                   5pz
  
  
  
  
  
                                                 Vr. / Qu. 8.
  
  
  
  
               2a + 2b          12x2 + 6xy − 18y2                2(a + b)            6(x − y)(2x + 3y)
        9.   ──────  X  ────────────         =  ───────  X  ────────────       faktoriseer  /  factorise
               3x − 3y           8a2 + 16ab + 8b2                 3(x − y)                8(a + b)2
  
  
                                                                                   2(a + b) ÷ 2(a + b)             6(x − y)(2x + 3y) ÷ 3(x − y)
                                                                            =  ─────────────   X   ────────────────────
                                                                                   3(x − y) ÷ 3(x − y)                    8(a + b)2 ÷ 2(a + b)
  
  
                                                                                   1              2(2x + 3y)                 2(2x + 3y) ÷ 2
                                                                            =  ───   X   ────────         =  ──────────
                                                                                   1               4(a + b)                     4(a + b) ÷ 2
  
  
                                                                                   (2x + 3y)
                                                                            =  ───────
                                                                                   2(a + b)
                                                                                                                                                               Vr. / Qu. 9.
  
  
  
  
                      a2 − b2                      4a2 − 9b2                     (a − b)(a + b)            (2a − 3b)(2a + 3b)
      10.   ──────────  X  ────────────       =  ───────────  X  ─────────────
               2a2 + ab − 3b2          4a2 − 12ab + 9b2            (a − b)(2a + 3b)            (2a − 3b)(2a − 3b)
  
  
                                                                                           (a − b)(a + b) ÷ (a − b)            (2a − 3b)(2a + 3b) ÷ (2a + 3b)
                                                                                    =  ────────────────  X  ────────────────────
                                                                                         (a − b)(2a + 3b) ÷ (a − b)                  (2a − 3b)(2a − 3b)
  
  
                                                                                                     (a + b)                              (2a − 3b) ÷ (2a − 3b)
                                                                                   =  ───────────────  X  ────────────────────
                                                                                          (2a + 3b) ÷ (2a + 3b)           (2a − 3b)(2a − 3b) ÷ (2a − 3b)
  
  
                                                                                        (a + b)              1
                                                                                   =  ─────  X  ───────
                                                                                            1             (2a − 3b)
  
  
                                                                                           a + b
                                                                                   =  ──────
                                                                                        (2a − 3b)
  
                                                                                                                                                                        Vr. / Qu. 10.
  
  
  
                 4x2 − 9y2        9x2 + 12xy + 4y2             (2x − 3y)(2x + 3y)         (3x + 2y)(3x + 2y)
        11.   ──────  X  ────────────      =  ────────────  X  ─────────────
                 9x2 − 4y2         4x2 − 12xy + 9y2            (3x − 2y)(3x + 2y)         (2x − 3y)(2x − 3y)
  
  
                                                                                 (2x − 3y)(2x + 3y) ÷ (2x − 3y)         (3x + 2y)(3x + 2y) ÷ (3x + 2y)
                                                                           =  ───────────────────  X  ──────────────────
                                                                                 (3x − 2y)(3x + 2y) ÷ (3x + 2y)         (2x − 3y)(2x − 3y) ÷ (2x − 3y)
  
  
                                                                                 (2x + 3y)           (3x + 2y)
                                                                           =  ──────   X   ───────
                                                                                 (3x − 2y)           (2x − 3y)
  
  
                                                                                  6x2 + 26xy + 6y2
                                                                           =  ────────────
                                                                                  6x2 − 26xy + 6y2
  
                                                                                                                                                            Vr. / Qu. 11.
  
  
  
                x2 + 4x          x2 − 2x − 3             x(x + 4)           (x − 3)(x + 1)
      12.   ──────  X  ────────      =  ──────  X  ────────────     faktoriseer / factorise
                  x − 3             x2 − 16                  (x − 3)            (x − 4)(x + 4)
  
  
                                                                     x(x + 4) ÷ (x + 4)       (x − 3)(x + 1) ÷ (x − 3)
                                                               =  ───────────  X  ──────────────
                                                                      (x − 3) ÷ (x − 3)        (x − 4)(x + 4) ÷ (x + 4)
  
  
                                                                     x          x + 1
                                                               =  ──  X  ─────
                                                                     1         (x − 4)
  
  
                                                                      x2 + x
                                                               =  ──────
                                                                      (x − 4)
  
                                                                                                                                        Vr. / Qu. 12.
  
  
  
  
                 a2 − 2a                 a2 − 25                       a(a − 2)          (a − 5)(a + 5)
        13.   ──────  X  ────────────      =  ──────  X  ──────────
                   a + 5              a2 − 4a + 4                       a + 5            (a − 2)(a − 2)
  
  
                                                                                 a(a − 2) ÷ (a − 2)           (a − 5)(a + 5) ÷ (a + 5)
                                                                           =  ────────────  X  ────────────────
                                                                                  a + 5 ÷ (a + 5)              (a − 2)(a − 2) ÷ (a − 2)
  
  
                                                                                 a             a − 5
                                                                           =  ──   X   ───────
                                                                                 1            (a − 2)
  
  
                                                                                  a(a − 5)
                                                                           =  ───────
                                                                                    a − 2
  
                                                                                                                                                             Vr. / Qu. 13.
  
  
  
  
                  a3 + b3          a2 − 2ab + b2
        14.   ──────  X  ──────────
                  a2 − b2          a2 − ab + b2
  
  
                        (a + b)(a2 − ab + b2)             (a − b)2
                  =  ──────────────  X  ─────────
                             (a − b)(a + b)                a2 − ab + b2
  
  
                        (a + b)(a2 − ab + b2) ÷ (a + b)          (a − b)2 ÷ (a − b)
                  =  ────────────────────  X  ────────────
                              (a − b)(a + b) ÷ (a + b)                a2 − ab + b2
  
  
                        (a2 − ab + b2)              (a − b)
                  =  ──────────  X  ──────────
                             (a − b)                (a2 − ab + b2)
  
  
                  =  1
                                                                                           Vr. / Qu. 14.
  
  
  
  
                   a
                ───
                   3             a             b
        15.   ───    = ───  ÷  ───
                   b             3             4
                 ──
                   4
                                  a            4
                            = ───  X  ───
                                  3            b
  
                                 4a
                            = ───                       Vr. / Qu. 15.
                                 3b
  
  
  
  
                   2a
                ───
                  3b           2a         a2
        17.   ───    = ───  ÷  ───
                   a2          3b          b2
                 ──
                   b2
                                 2a           b2
                            = ───  X  ───
                                 3b           a2
  
                                 2a ÷ a         b2 ÷ b
                            = ─────  X  ─────
                                 3b ÷ b         a2 ÷ a
  
                                 2         b
                            = ──  X  ──
                                 3         a
  
                                 2b
                            = ───                                Vr. / Qu. 17.
                                 3a
  
  
  
  
                  8xy        9x2          8xy         2y
        19.   ───  ÷  ───    =  ───  X  ───
                  6y2        2y            6y2       9x2
  
                                               8xy ÷ x          2y ÷ 2y
                                         =  ──────  X  ──────
                                              6y2 ÷ 2y         9x2 ÷ x
  
                                                8y          1
                                         =  ───  X  ───
                                               3y          9x
  
                                                8y
                                         =  ───
                                              27xy
                                                                                                                    Vr. / Qu. 19.
  
  
  
  
  
                  8a           7            8a            3
        21.   ───  ÷  ───    =  ───  X  ───
                   3          4b             3            4b
  
                                               8a ÷ 4              3 ÷ 3
                                         =  ──────  X  ──────
                                                 3 ÷ 3             4b ÷ 4
  
                                               2a           1
                                         =  ───  X  ───
                                                1            b
  
                                                2a
                                         =  ───
                                                b
                                                                                                                    Vr. / Qu. 21.
  
  
  
  
  
                   p
                ───
                   q              p          3p
        16.   ───    =  ───  ÷  ───
                   3p            q           5
                ───
                   5
                                  p           5
                            =  ───  X  ───
                                  q           3p
  
                                    5
                            =  ───                      Vr. / Qu 16.
                                  3q
  
  
  
                  3x2
                ───
                  4y2          3x2        9x
        18.   ───    =  ───  ÷  ───
                  9x           4y2        16y
                 ──
                  16y
        
                                  3x2        16y
                            =  ───  X  ───
                                  4y2         9x
  
                                  3x2 ÷ 3x          16y ÷ 4y
                            =  ──────  X  ──────
                                  4y2 ÷ 4y          9x ÷ 3x
  
                                   x            4
                            =  ───  X  ───
                                   y            3
  
                                  4x
                            =  ───                      Vr. / Qu 18.  
                                  3y
  
  
  
  
  
                   3            2              3            b
        20.   ───  ÷  ───    =  ───  X  ───
                   a            b              a            2
  
                                               3b
                                         =  ───
                                               2a
  
                                                                                                          Vr. / Qu. 20.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                   2a         8ac            2a          9b
        22.   ───  ÷  ────    =  ───  X  ───
                   3            9b              3           8ac
  
                                               2a ÷ 2a          9b ÷ 3
                                         =  ──────  X  ──────
                                                 3 ÷ 3           8ac ÷ 2a
  
                                                1           3b
                                         =  ───  X  ───
                                                1           4c
  
                                                3b
                                         =  ───
                                                4c
                                                                   Vr. / Qu. 22.
  
  
  
  
  
                  3x2y          xy           3x2y          4b
        23.   ────  ÷  ───    =  ────  X  ───
                   3             4b              3             xy
  
                                                   3x2y ÷ xy          4b ÷ 4b
                                            =  ───────  X  ──────
                                                     3 ÷ 3               xy ÷ xy
  
                                                   3x           1
                                             =  ───  X  ───
                                                    1            1
  
                                                    3x
                                             =  ───     = 3
                                                    1
                                                                                              Vr. / Qu. 23.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
                  14xy2z              21x3               14xy2z           30a3b2c
        24.   ───────  ÷  ──────    =  ──────  X  ──────
                 25a2b2c2        30a3b2c           25a2b2c2           21x3
  
                                                                     14xy2z ÷ 7x                30a3b2c ÷ 5a2b2c
                                                            =  ────────────  X  ────────────
                                                                 25a2b2c2 ÷ 5a2b2c            21x3 ÷ 7x
  
                                                                   2y2z         6a
                                                            =  ────  X  ───
                                                                    5c            3x2
  
                                                                  4ay2z
                                                            =   ────
                                                                   5cx2
                                                                                                                                    Vr. / Qu. 24.
  
  
  
  
                  a(a + b)            b(a + b)              a(a + b)            q(p − q)
        25.   ───────  ÷  ───────    =  ───────  X  ───────
                  p(p − q)             q(p − q)             p(p − q)            b(a + b)
  
  
                                                                    a(a + b) ÷ (a + b)          q(p − q) ÷ (p − q)
                                                              =  ────────────  X  ────────────
                                                                    p(p − q) ÷ (p − q)          b(a + b) ÷ (a + b)
  
  
                                                                    a            q
                                                             =  ───  X  ───
                                                                    p            b
  
                                                                   aq
                                                             =  ───
                                                                   bp
                                                                                                                                                Vr. / Qu. 25.
  
  
  
                    a(a + 2)          a2 + 2ab + b2                 a(a + 2)                 x2 − 6x + 9
        26.   ───────  ÷  ──────────       =  ─────────  X  ──────────
                    x(x − 3)            x2 − 6x + 9                   x(x − 3)                a2 + 2ab + b2
  
  
                                                                                a(a + 2)            (x − 3)2
                                                                         =  ───────  X  ──────
                                                                                x(x − 3)             (a + b)2
  
                                                                              a(a + 2) ÷ (a + 2)          (x − 3)2 ÷ (x − 3)
                                                                       =  ────────────  X  ─────────────
                                                                              x(x − 3) ÷ (x − 3)           (a + b)2 ÷ (a + 2)
  
  
                                                                              a            (x − 3)
                                                                       =  ───  X  ──────
                                                                              x            (a + b)
  
  
                                                                              a(x − 3)
                                                                       =  ───────
                                                                              x(a + b)
  
                                                                                                                                                     Vr. / Qu. 26.
  
  
  
                  x2 + 3x               x2 − 9               x2 + 3x            p2 − q2
        27.   ───────  ÷  ───────    =  ───────  X  ───────
                  p(p − q)             p2 − q2             p(p − q)            x2 − 9
  
  
                                                                   x(x + 3) ÷ (x + 3)          (p − q)(p + q) ÷ (p − q)
                                                             =  ────────────  X  ───────────────
                                                                   p(p − q) ÷ (p − q)          (x − 3)(x + 3) ÷ (x + 3)
  
  
                                                                    x            p + q
                                                             =  ───  X  ─────
                                                                    p           x − 3
  
  
                                                                    x(p + q)
                                                             =  ───────
                                                                    p(x − 3)
                                                                                                                                                          Vr. / Qu. 27.
  
  
  
                  x2 − x − 6            x2 − 6x + 9                    x2 − x − 6             a2 + 4a + 4
        28.   ────────  ÷  ──────────       =  ─────────  X  ─────────
                  a2 + 5a + 6         a2 + 4a + 4                   a2 + 5a + 6           x2 − 6x + 9
  
  
                                                                                  (x − 3)(x + 2)          (a + 2)2
                                                                            =  ─────────  X  ─────────
                                                                                  (a + 2)(a + 3)           (x − 3)2
  
  
                                                                                  (x − 3)(x + 2) ÷ x − 3          (a + 2)2 ÷ a + 2
                                                                           =  ──────────────  X  ───────────
                                                                                  (a + 2)(a + 3) ÷ a + 2          (x − 3)2 ÷ x − 3
  
  
                                                                                  (x + 2)          (a + 2)
                                                                           =  ─────  X  ──────
                                                                                  (a + 3)          (x − 3)
  
  
                                                                                  (x + 2)(a + 2)
                                                                           =  ─────────
                                                                                  (a + 3)(x − 3)
  
                                                                                                                                                         Vr. / Qu. 28.
  
  
  
                   a2 + 4a − 5           a2 + 7a + 10                 a2 + 4a − 5            x2 + 6x + 5
        29.   ─────────  ÷  ──────────       =  ─────────  X  ──────────
                  x2 + 3x − 10           x2 + 6x + 5                 x2 + 3x − 10           a2 + 7a + 10
  
  
                                                                                   (a − 1)(a + 5)          (x + 1)(x + 5)
                                                                              =  ─────────  X  ──────────
                                                                                   (x − 2)(x + 5)           (a + 2)(a + 5)
  
  
                                                                                   (a − 1)(a + 5) ÷ (a + 5)          (x + 1)(x + 5) ÷ (x + 5)
                                                                             =  ───────────────  X  ────────────────
                                                                                   (x − 2)(x + 5) ÷ (x + 5)           (a + 2)(a + 5) ÷ (a + 5)
  
  
                                                                                   (a − 1)            (x + 1)
                                                                             =  ──────  X  ──────
                                                                                   (x − 2)            (a + 2)
  
  
                                                                                   (a − 1)(x + 1)
                                                                             =  ──────────
                                                                                   (x − 2)(a + 2)
  
                                                                                                                                                          Vr. / Qu. 29.
  
  
  
                  2a2 − 5a − 3       2a2 − 3a − 2                2a2 − 5a − 3          6p2 − p − 2
        30.   ────────  ÷  ──────────       =  ─────────  X  ─────────
                  3p2 + 4p − 4       6p2 − p − 2                  3p2 + 4p − 4         2a2 − 3a − 2
  
  
                                                                                (a − 3)(2a + 1)        (2p + 1)(3p − 2)
                                                                           =  ─────────  X  ─────────
                                                                                (p + 2)(3p − 2)        (a − 2)(2a + 1)
  
  
                                                                                (a − 3)(2a + 1) ÷ (2a + 1)         (2p + 1)(3p − 2) ÷ (3p − 2)
                                                                           =  ────────────────  X  ─────────────────
                                                                                (p + 2)(3p − 2) ÷ (3p − 2)         (a − 2)(2a + 1) ÷ (2a + 1)
  
  
                                                                                (a − 3)          (2p + 1)
                                                                           =  ─────  X  ──────
                                                                                (p + 2)          (a − 2)
  
  
                                                                                (a − 3)(2p + 1)
                                                                           =  ──────────
                                                                                (p + 2)(a − 2)
  
                                                                                                                                                    Vr. / Qu. 30.