WISKUNDIGE GELETTERDHEID
GRAAD 11
NOG OEFENINGE
  
Basiese berekeninge - moeiliker formules : antwoorde.
  
MATHEMATICAL LITERACY
GRADE 11
MORE EXERCISES
  
Basic calculations - more complex formulae : answers.

  
 Antwoorde 1 / Answers 1 
          Die vergelykings is in die vorm  :  ax2 + bx + c = 0
  
          Die formule word gegee deur
  
                                           ──────
                            ─ b  ±  √ b2 ─ 4ac
                  x  = ──────────────
                                       2a
  
  
           Skryf elke keer die waardes van a, b en c neer,
  
           vul dit in die formule in en bereken die antwoord :
  
          The equations are given by  :  ax2 + bx + c = 0
  
          The formula is given by
  
                                           ──────
                            ─ b  ±  √ b2 ─ 4ac
                  x  = ──────────────
                                       2a
  
  
           Each time write down the values of a, b and c,
  
           substitute into the formula and calculate the answer :
  
  
  
         1.1    x2 + 3x + 2  =  0
  
                    a = 1;    b = 3;    c = 2
  
                Die formule / The formula
  
                                               ──────
                                ─ b  ±  √ b2 ─ 4ac
                     x  = ──────────────
                                         2a
  
  
               Vul die waardes in / Substitute the values  :
  
                                         ─────────
                          ─ 3  +  √ 32 ─ 4(1)(2)
                 x  = ─────────────────       = ─ 1
                                         2(1)
  
  
               OF / OR
  
                                         ─────────
                          ─ 3    √ 32 ─ 4(1)(2)
                 x  = ────────────────       = ─ 2
                                         2(1)
  
  
                  x = ─ 1    OF / OR    x = ─ 2         [ V / Q 1.1 ]
  
  
  
  
            1.3  x2  +  4x  ─  21  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b = 4    c = ─21
  
                   x =  3    OF / OR    x =  ─7                    [ 1.3 ]
  
  
  
           1.5  x2  +  8x  +  15  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b = 8    c = 15
  
                   x =  ─3    OF / OR    x =  ─5                 [ 1.5 ]
  
  
  
           1.7  x2  +  6x  −  2  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b = 6    c = ─2
  
                   x =  0,32    OF / OR    x =  ─6,32        [ 1.7 ]
  
  
  
           1.9  2x2  +  9x  −  24  =  0
  
                     a = 2;    b = 9    c = ─ 24
  
                   x =  1,88    OF / OR    x =  ─ 6,38        [ 1.9 ]
  
  
  
         1.11  7y2  +  3y  −  6  =  0
  
                     a = 7;    b = 3    c = ─ 6
  
                   y =  0,74    OF / OR    y =  ─ 1,16        [ 1.11 ]
  
  
  
         1.13  3y2  −  2y  −  4  =  0
  
                     a = 3;    b = ─ 2    c = ─ 4
  
                   y =  1,54    OF / OR    y =  ─ 0,87        [ 1.13 ]
  
  
  
         1.15  3y2  +  5y  +  1  =  0
  
                     a = 3;    b = 5    c = 1
  
                   y = ─ 0,23  OF / OR  y = ─ 1,43          [ 1.15 ]
  
  
  
         1.17  24  −  10y  −  y2  =  0
  
                     a = ─ 1;    b = ─ 10    c = 24
  
                   y =  ─ 12    OF / OR    y =  2                [ 1.17 ]
  
  
  
         1.19  7  −  5a  −  4a2  =  0
  
                     a = ─ 4;    b = ─ 5    c = 7
  
                   a = ─ 2,09   OF / OR   a = 0,84          [ 1.19 ]
  
  
  
         1.2    x2 ─ 3x + 2  =  0
  
                    a = 1;    b = ─3    c = 2
  
                Die formule / The formula
  
                                               ──────
                                ─ b  ±  √ b2 ─ 4ac
                     x  = ──────────────
                                         2a
  
  
           Vul die waardes in / Substitute the values  :
  
                                             ─────────
                          ─ (─3)  +  √ (─3)2 ─ 4(1)(2)
                 x  = ─────────────────       =  2
                                         2(1)
  
  
               OF / OR
  
                                              ─────────
                          ─ (─3)    √ (─3)2 ─ 4(1)(2)
                 x  = ────────────────       =  1
                                         2(1)
  
  
                  x =  2    OF / OR    x =  1                [ V / Q 1.2 ]
  
  
  
  
           1.4  x2  ─  10x  +  24  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b = ─ 10    c = 24
  
                   x =  6    OF / OR    x =  4                          [ 1.4 ]
  
  
  
           1.6  x2  ─  2x  −  4  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b = ─ 2    c = ─ 4
  
                   x =  3,24    OF / OR    x =  ─ 1,24            [ 1.6 ]
  
  
  
           1.8  x2  +  22x  −  15  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b =  22    c = ─ 15
  
                   x =  0,66    OF / OR    x =  ─ 22,66         [ 1.8 ]
  
  
  
         1.10  5x2  ─  8x  +  2  =  0
  
                     a = 5;    b =  ─ 8    c =  2
  
                   x =  1,29    OF / OR    x =  0,31               [ 1.10 ]
  
  
  
         1.12  y2  +  5y  −  7  =  0
  
                     a = 1;    b =  5    c =  ─ 7
  
                   y =  1,14   OF / OR   y =  ─ 6,14            [ 1.12 ]
  
  
  
         1.14  2y2  +  y  −  5  =  0
  
                     a = 2;    b =  1    c =  ─ 5
  
                   y =  1,35  OF / OR  y =  ─ 1,85            [ 1.14 ]
  
  
  
         1.16  2  −  3x  −  x2    =  0
  
                     a = ─ 1;    b = ─ 3    c =  2
  
                   x = ─ 3,56   OF / OR   x = 0,56            [ 1.16 ]
  
  
  
         1.18  15  +  2y  −  y2    =  0
  
                     a = ─ 1;    b =  2    c =  15
  
                   y = ─ 3   OF / OR   y = 5                       [ 1.18 ]
  
  
  
         1.20  7  −  3a  −  4a2    =  0
  
                     a = ─ 4;    b = ─ 3    c =  7
  
                     a = ─ 1,75    OF / OR    a = 1           [ 1.20 ]
  
  
 Antwoorde 2 / Answers 2 
  
          Onthou om die periode in jaar te gee, d.w.s.
  
          verander die maande na jare
  
                                         23
          bv. 23 maande = ───   jaar
                                         12
  
  
  
         2.1    a = 39 244,26                        [ 2.1 ]
  
  
  
         2.3    c = 6 132,19                          [ 2.3 ]
  
  
  
         2.5    e = 12                                     [ 2.5 ]
  
  
  
         2.7    g = 8,75                                  [ 2.7 ]
  
  
          Remember that the period must be given in years,
  
          therefore change the months into years,
  
                                         23
          e.g. 23 months = ───   years
                                         12
  
  
  
         2.2    b = 309 635,94                        [ 2.2 ]
  
  
  
         2.4    d = 6 722,48                            [ 2.4 ]
  
  
  
         2.6    f = 23,5                                     [ 2.6 ]
  
  
  
         2.8    h = 10,6                                    [ 2.8 ]
  
  
 Antwoorde 3 / Answers 3 
  
  
          3.1       v2  =  u2  +  2as
  
                ─ 2as  =  ─ v2  +  u2                          s moet die onderwerp word en dus moet s aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           s must be the subject of the formula and therefore s has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                 2as  =  v2  ─  u2                                verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                                 v2  ─  u2
                     s  =  ─────────                       kry s alleen - deel met 2a  /  get s by itself - divide by 2a.
                                     2a
  
                                                         [ 3.1 ]
  
  
  
  
          3.2       v2  =  u2  +  2as
  
                ─ 2as  =  ─ v2  +  u2                          a moet die onderwerp word en dus moet a aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           a must be the subject of the formula and therefore a has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                    2as  =  v2  ─  u2                             verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                                 v2  ─  u2
                     a  =  ─────────                       kry a alleen - deel met 2s  /  get a by itself - divide by 2s.
                                     2s
  
                                                         [ 3.2 ]
  
  
  
  
          3.3       v2  =  u2  +  2as
  
                   ─ u2  = ─ v2  +  2as                        u moet die onderwerp word en dus moet u aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           u must be the subject of the formula and therefore u has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                       u2  =  v2  ─  2as                          verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                                  ────────
                       u   =  √ v2  ─  2as
  
                                                         [ 3.3 ]
  
  
  
  
  
Antwoorde 4 / Answers 4
  
      4.1.1        37,417       [ 4.1.1 ]       4.1.2         24,495       [ 4.1.2 ]      4.1.3        18,028       [ 4.1.3 ]
      4.2.1        20,494       [ 4.2.1 ]       4.2.2                15       [ 4.2.2 ]      4.2.3        25,981       [ 4.2.3 ]
      4.3.1          2 310       [ 4.3.1 ]       4.3.2           5 984       [ 4.3.2 ]      4.3.3         ─ 900       [ 4.3.3 ]
      4.4.1          3,100       [ 4.4.1 ]       4.4.2           4,456       [ 4.4.2 ]      4.4.3          9,600       [ 4.4.3 ]
  
 Antwoorde 5 / Answers 5 
  
  
          5.1       s  =  ut  +  ½at2
  
                  ─ ut  =  ─ s  +  ½at2                        u moet die onderwerp word en dus moet u aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           u must be the subject of the formula and therefore u has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                     ut  =  s  ─  ½at2                            verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                     2ut  =  2s  ─  at2                            X 2 om die ½ te verwyder  /  X 2 to remove the ½
  
                                2s  ─  at2
                       u  =  ───────                         kry u alleen - deel met 2t  /  get u by itself - divide by 2t.
                                     2t
  
                                                         [ 5.1 ]
  
  
  
  
          5.2       s  =  ut  +  ½at2
  
                    2s  =  2ut  +  at2                        X2 - verwyder die breuk  /  X 2 - remove the fraction
  
                ─ at2  =  2ut  ─  2s                        a moet die onderwerp word en dus moet a aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                      a must be the subject of the formula and therefore a has to be on the
                                                                      lefthand side.
  
                    at2  =  ─ 2ut  +  2s                   verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                                2(s  ─  ut)
                       a  =  ───────                     kry a alleen - deel met t2  /  get a by itself - divide by t2.
                                       t2
  
                                                         [ 5.2 ]
  
  
  
  
          5.3       s  =  ut  +  ½at2
  
                    2s  =  2ut  +  at2                        X 2 - verwyder die breuk  /  X 2 - remove the fraction
  
                ─ at2  ─  2ut  +  2s  =  0               maak 'n kwadratiese vergelyking in t want t moet die onderwerp word.  /  
  
                                                                      t must be the subject of the formula and therefore make a
                                                                      quadratic equation in t.
  
                 at2  +  2ut  ─  2s  =  0                  verander die tekens  /  change the signs.
  
                                                                      Dit is nou 'n kwadratiese vergelyking -   /  It is now a quadratic equation -
                                                                      los op met formule 1.3                              solve by using formula 3.
  
                                                                      a = a;   b = 2u ;   c = ─ 2s
  
                                            ──────
                             ─ b  ±  √ b2 ─ 4ac
                  t  = ──────────────
                                         2a
  
  
                                                ───────────
                             ─ (2u)  ±  √ (2u)2 ─ 4a(─ 2s)
                      = ────────────────────                vul waardes in   /   substitute values
                                             2(a)
  
  
                                              ───────
                             ─ 2u  ±  √ 4u2 + 8as
                      = ────────────────                           vereenvoudig   /   simplify
                                             2a
  
  
                                                ──────
                             ─ 2u  ±  2√ u2 + 2as
                      = ────────────────                           haal √4 as gemene faktor uit   /   remove √4 as common factor
                                             2a
  
  
                                           ──────
                             ─ u  ±  √ u2 + 2as
                      = ────────────────                           deel met 2   /   divide by 2
                                             a
  
  
                                                         [ 5.3 ]
  
  
  
  
  
Antwoorde 6 / Answers 6
  
      6.1.1   a  =  317,25   [ 6.1.1 ]       6.1.2   b  =  0       [ 6.1.2 ]      6.1.3   c  =  1 875       [ 6.1.3 ]
      6.2.1   d  =  22         [ 6.2.1 ]       6.2.2   e  =  18     [ 6.2.2 ]      6.2.3   f  =  ─ 60         [ 6.2.3 ]
      6.3.1   p  =  4           [ 6.3.1 ]       6.3.2   q  =  8       [ 6.3.2 ]      6.3.3   r  =  ─ 9,8        [ 6.3.3 ]
      6.4.1   x  =  20         [ 6.4.1 ]       6.4.2   y  =  10     [ 6.4.2 ]      6.4.3   z  =  8              [ 6.4.3 ]
  
  
  
 Antwoorde 7 / Answers 7 
  
                               n
          7.1       S  =  ─ [2a  +  (n ─ 1)d]
                               2
  
                    2S  =  n[2a  +  (n ─ 1)d]               X 2 om die ½ te verwyder  /  X2 to remove the ½
  

                    2S  =  2an  +  n2d ─ nd               verwyder die hakies  /  remove the brackets
  

               ─ 2an  =  ─ 2S  +  n2d ─ nd               a moet die onderwerp word en dus moet a aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           a must be the subject of the formula and therefore a has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                   2an  =   2S  ─  n2d + nd               verander die tekens.  /  change signs.
  
                   2an  =   2S  ─  nd(n ─ 1)               vereenvoudig.  /  simplify.
  
                               2S  ─  n(n ─ 1)d
                   a  =   ─────────────           kry a alleen - deel met 2n.  /  get a by itself - divide by 2n.
                                         2n
  
                                                         [ 7.1 ]
  
  
  
  
                               n
          7.2       S  =  ─ [2a  +  (n ─ 1)d]
                               2
  
                    2S  =  n[2a  +  (n ─ 1)d]               X 2 om die ½ te verwyder  /  X2 to remove the ½
  

                    2S  =  2an  +  n(n ─ 1)d               verwyder die hakies  /  remove the brackets
  

                    ─ n(n ─ 1)d  =  2an  ─ 2S               d moet die onderwerp word en dus moet d aan die linkerkant wees.  /  
  
                                                                           d must be the subject of the formula and therefore d has to be on the
                                                                           lefthand side.
  
                    n(n ─ 1)d  =  2S  ─ 2an               verander die tekens.  /  change signs.
  
                                2(S  ─ an)
                      d  =  ────────                       kry d alleen - deel met n(n - 1).  /  get d alone - divide by n(n - 1).
                                  n(n ─ 1)
  
                                                         [ 7.2 ]
  
  
  
Antwoorde 8 / Answers 8
  
   8.1.1   a  =  803     [ 8.1.1 ]    8.1.2   b  =  15 246   [ 8.1.2 ]    8.1.3   c  =  4 028   [ 8.1.3 ]    8.1.4   d  =  ─ 3 276  [ 8.1.4 ]
   8.2.1   e  =  18       [ 8.2.1 ]    8.2.2   f  =  14           [ 8.2.2 ]    8.2.3   g  =  ─ 6       [ 8.2.3 ]    8.2.4   h  =  ─ 25       [ 8.2.4 ]
   8.3.1   n  =  18       [ 8.3.1 ]    8.3.2   p  =  24          [ 8.3.2 ]    8.3.3   q  =  ─ 5       [ 8.3.3 ]    8.3.4   r  =  ─ 8          [ 8.3.4 ]
  
  
  
 Antwoorde 9 / Answers 9 
  
                                           l
          9.1       T  =  2π √ ───
                                          g
  
  
                                              l
                      T2  =  4π2   ───               kwadreer om √ te verwyder  /  square to remove the √
                                             g
  
  
                    T2g  =  4π2l                        X g om breuke te verwyder  /  X g to remove the fraction
  
  
                                  T2g
                          l  =  ───                       kry l alleen - deel met 4π2.  /  get l by itself - divide by 4π2.
                                  4π2
  
                                                         [ 9.1 ]
  
  
  
  
                                           l
          9.2       T  =  2π √ ───
                                          g
  
  
                                              l
                      T2  =  4π2   ───               kwadreer om √ te verwyder  /  square to remove the √
                                             g
  
  
                    T2g  =  4π2l                        X g om breuke te verwyder  /  X g to remove the fraction
  
  
                                    4π2l
                          g  =  ────                       kry g alleen - deel met T2.  /  get g by itself - divide by 4T2.
                                     T2
  
                                                         [ 9.2 ]
  
  
  
  
  
Antwoorde 10 / Answers 10
  
      10.1.1   a  =  2,288     [ 10.1.1 ]       10.1.2   b  =  4,072       [ 10.1.2 ]      10.1.3   c  =  3,052       [ 10.1.3 ]
      10.2.1   d  =  0,635     [ 10.2.1 ]       10.2.2   e  =  3,658       [ 10.2.2 ]      10.2.3   f  =  0,248        [ 10.2.3 ]
      10.3.1   p  =  9,804       [ 10.3.1 ]       10.3.2   q  =  10,001     [ 10.3.2 ]      10.3.3   r  =  10,026      [ 10.3.3 ]